I-chip idayiswa kanjani ebhodini lesifunda?

I-chip yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-IC, eyakhiwe umthombo wekristalu nokupakishwa kwangaphandle, okuncane njenge-transistor, futhi i-CPU yekhompyutha yethu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-IC.Ngokuvamile, ifakwa ku-PCB ngokusebenzisa izikhonkwane (okungukuthi, Ibhodi lesifunda olishilo), elihlukaniswe ngamaphakheji evolumu ahlukene, okuhlanganisa ipulaki eqondile nesichibi.Kukhona futhi ezingafakwanga ngokuqondile ku-PCB, njenge-CPU yekhompyutha yethu.Ukuze kube lula ukushintshwa, kugxilwe kuyo ngokusebenzisa amasokhethi noma izikhonkwane.Iqhubu elimnyama, njengewashi likagesi, livalwa ngokuqondile ku-PCB.Isibonelo, ezinye izinto zokuzilibazisa ze-elekthronikhi azinayo i-PCB efanelekayo, ngakho-ke kungenzeka futhi ukwakha ishede ngokuqondile kusuka ku-pin flying wire.

I-chip kufanele "ifakwe" ebhodini lesifunda, noma "i-soldering" ukuze inembile.I-chip izodayiswa ebhodini lesifunda, futhi ibhodi lesifunda lisungula uxhumano lukagesi phakathi kwe-chip ne-chip ngokusebenzisa "umkhondo".Ibhodi lesifunda lingumthwali wezingxenye, ezingagcini nje ngokulungisa i-chip kodwa futhi ziqinisekisa ukuxhunywa kukagesi futhi ziqinisekise ukusebenza okuzinzile kwe-chip ngayinye.

iphinikhodi

I-chip inamaphini amaningi, futhi i-chip iphinde isungule ubudlelwano bokuxhumana kukagesi namanye ama-chips, izingxenye, namasekhethi ngokusebenzisa izikhonkwane.Uma i-chip inemisebenzi eminingi, iba nezikhonkwane ezengeziwe.Ngokwamafomu e-pinout ahlukene, ingahlukaniswa ngephakheji yochungechunge lwe-LQFP, iphakheji yochungechunge lwe-QFN, iphakheji yochungechunge lwe-SOP, iphakheji yochungechunge lwe-BGA kanye nephakheji yochungechunge lwe-DIP esemgqeni.Njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi.

Ibhodi le-PCB

Amabhodi esekethe avamile ngokuvamile agcotshwe ngamafutha aluhlaza, abizwa ngokuthi amabhodi e-PCB.Ngaphezu kohlaza, imibala evame ukusetshenziswa eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emnyama, ebomvu, njll. Kunamaphedi, imikhondo, kanye nama-vias ku-PCB.Ukuhlelwa kwama-pads kuhambisana nokupakishwa kwe-chip, futhi ama-chips nama-pads angathengiswa ngokuhambisanayo nge-soldering;kuyilapho imikhondo kanye ne-vias kunikeza ubudlelwano bokuxhuma kagesi.Ibhodi le-PCB liboniswa esithombeni esingezansi.

Amabhodi e-PCB angahlukaniswa abe amabhodi anezingqimba ezimbili, amabhodi anezingqimba ezine, amabhodi anezingqimba eziyisithupha, kanye nezendlalelo eziningi ngokwenani lezendlalelo.Amabhodi e-PCB avame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yizinto ze-FR-4, kanti ubukhulu obujwayelekile bungu-0.4mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm, njll. Leli ibhodi lesifunda eliqinile, kanye nokunye. ithambile, ebizwa ngokuthi ibhodi lesifunda eliguquguqukayo.Isibonelo, izintambo eziguquguqukayo ezifana nomakhalekhukhwini namakhompyutha angamabhodi esekethe aguquguqukayo.

amathuluzi wokushisela

Ukuze kusetshenziswe i-chip, kusetshenziswa ithuluzi le-soldering.Uma i-soldering manual, udinga ukusebenzisa i-soldering iron kagesi, i-solder wire, i-flux namanye amathuluzi.I-welding ye-manual ifanele inani elincane lamasampula, kodwa ayifanele ukuthungatha ukukhiqizwa kwe-mass, ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okuphansi, ukungaguquguquki okungalungile, nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokushoda kwe-welding kanye nokushisela okungamanga.Manje izinga lokusebenzisa imishini liya ngokuya likhuphuka, futhi ukushisela ingxenye ye-SMT chip kuyinqubo yezimboni evuthwe kakhulu.Le nqubo izobandakanya imishini yokuxubha, imishini yokubeka, amahhavini agelezayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-AOI nezinye izinto zokusebenza, futhi izinga lokuzenzakalelayo liphezulu kakhulu., Ukuvumelana kuhle kakhulu, futhi izinga lephutha liphansi kakhulu, eliqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa ngobuningi bemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi.I-SMT kungathiwa imboni yengqalasizinda yemboni yezogesi.

Inqubo eyisisekelo ye-SMT

I-SMT iwuhlelo lwezimboni olujwayelekile, olubandakanya i-PCB kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinto ezingenayo kanye nokuqinisekisa, ukulayishwa komshini wokubeka, unamathisele we-solder/iglue ebomvu yokuxubha, ukubekwa komshini wokubeka, i-oven yokugeleza kabusha, ukuhlolwa kwe-AOI, ukuhlanza nezinye izinqubo.Awekho amaphutha angenziwa kunoma yisiphi isixhumanisi.Isixhumanisi sokuhlola impahla engenayo siqinisekisa ngokuyinhloko ukulunga kwezinto.Umshini wokubeka udinga ukuhlelwa ukuze unqume ukubekwa nokuqondiswa kwengxenye ngayinye.I-solder paste isetshenziswa kumaphedi e-PCB ngokusebenzisa insimbi yensimbi.Ukusoda okuphezulu nokugeleza kabusha kuyinqubo yokushisisa nokuncibilikisa i-solder paste, futhi i-AOI iyinqubo yokuhlola.

I-chip izodayiswa ebhodini lesifunda, futhi ibhodi lesifunda alikwazi nje ukudlala indima yokulungisa i-chip kodwa futhi liqinisekise uxhumano lukagesi phakathi kwama-chips.